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Several problems that should be paid attention to in the demolition of tower crane
Add time：2017-08-18 16:23 Number of clicks：463
Several problems that should be paid attention to in the demolition of tower crane
Along with the construction project gradually to the tall, short period direction, the demolition of tower crane in the construction of the increasingly frequent disassembly has become a very important part of the work. On the basis of ten years' work experience, the author discusses several problems that should be paid attention to in the demolition of a tower crane, in order to raise a total of the problems.
1 installation site selection
In the premise of selected models of the tower, the installation site should be selected at the following matters: one can complete the whole installation engineering construction, to avoid two shift; avoid dead construction plane; the fixed attachment point selection and convenient installation; the completion of construction of tower crane disassembly and convenient transportation; 5. The construction space to avoid the buildings, high voltage power grid; and help to install other equipment and lifting construction components according to the construction needs.
2 personnel organization
The installation and dismantling of the tower is an important, dangerous and tense three-dimensional work project. It must be highly valued from the thought and fully guaranteed from the organization. Except for the necessary construction management and professional and technical personnel, all construction workers should be professionally educated, have safety knowledge, operation skills and certificates. The installation and dismantling of the tower should be carried out by the professional construction team.
3 dismantling construction equipment and equipment preparation
3.1 issues to be paid attention to
Tower crane migration generally involves many links such as dismantling, transportation, installation and so on. Equipment and machinery must be carefully organized, ensuring safety and improving efficiency and economic benefits. Note: all lifting equipment installation can avoid forbid overload capacity put fine timber to petty use, the use of the transport equipment; should be based on the tower crane parts quality, dimensions and other arrangements, try to avoid long, super high, super wide, overweight transportation; the side as far as possible the demolition, side loading and transportation, construction method of installation. To avoid the two bad or not to occupy the heart the construction site; the construction site should be equipped with Ken or an ambulance, aerial work must be equipped with the necessary communication tools enabling safe operation, normal construction.
Selection of 3.2 hoisting gear rigging
The tower crane installation construction should be equipped with a white rope or nylon rope, wire rope, wire rope of various specifications, a certain number of 8# wire and special tools. These appliances chosen with allowable tension and sufficient safety factor, different performance of sling, rigging must be in accordance with the corresponding standards used and scrap.
3.3 equipment spare parts cleaning and preparation
In the construction of It is often seen. missing parts, less parts affect the progress of the phenomenon, to ensure the construction progress to deal with the above parts to strengthen management, inspection and maintenance of special equipment; small accessories, spare parts; special and universal bolt, nut, pad; connecting pin, various specifications and quantity of the shaft; equipment installation with part; structural damage, deformation of the dressing tool; wire rope, rope ring etc..
4 tower crane foundation
Before the installation of the tower, we must ensure that there is a correct and perfect foundation. The foundation of the tower is two kinds of fixed base type and track walking type. The following problems should be paid attention to.
1) the foundation ground bearing capacity is the foundation of the foundation. The necessary measures should be taken to ensure the ground bearing capacity of 10-20t/m2. It can be constructed by ramming or compacting 3:7 lime soil. Do not deal with backfill and rubbish directly, and use the base or track directly.
2) the fixed base should be constructed according to the design requirements, ensuring the size of each part, especially the embedded bolts, etc., so we must ensure the requirements of the center center to the building size, so as to facilitate the construction and installation.
3) track foundation shall be constructed according to design requirements, ensuring the technical requirements of gravel thickness, roadbed width, sleeper spacing, rail type, rail joint, connecting rod, vehicle block and grounding.
4) under the tower crane foundation ditch, there shall be no shelter, drainage facilities should be equipped with the necessary.
5) the tower crane should be installed on the ground, and the distance between the tower and the foundation pit should be ensured when the underground works are constructed.
The tower crane installation construction should be equipped with a white rope or nylon rope, wire rope, wire rope of various specifications, a certain number of 8# wire and special tools. These appliances chosen with allowable tension and sufficient safety factor, different performance of sling, rigging must be in accordance with the corresponding standards used and scrap.
3.3 equipment spare parts cleaning and preparation
In the construction of It is often seen. missing parts, less parts affect the progress of the phenomenon, to ensure the construction progress to deal with the above parts to strengthen management, inspection and maintenance of special equipment; small accessories, spare parts; special and universal bolt, nut, pad; connecting pin, various specifications and quantity of the shaft; equipment installation with part; structural damage, deformation of the dressing tool; wire rope, rope ring etc..
4 tower crane foundation
Before the installation of the tower, we must ensure that there is a correct and perfect foundation. The foundation of the tower is two kinds of fixed base type and track walking type. The following problems should be paid attention to.
1) the foundation ground bearing capacity is the foundation of the foundation. The necessary measures should be taken to ensure the ground bearing capacity of 10-20t/m2. It can be constructed by ramming or compacting 3:7 lime soil. Do not deal with backfill and rubbish directly, and use the base or track directly.
2) the fixed base should be constructed according to the design requirements, ensuring the size of each part, especially the embedded bolts, etc., so we must ensure the requirements of the center center to the building size, so as to facilitate the construction and installation.
3) track foundation shall be constructed according to design requirements, ensuring the technical requirements of gravel thickness, roadbed width, sleeper spacing, rail type, rail joint, connecting rod, vehicle block and grounding.
4) under the tower crane foundation ditch, there shall be no shelter, drainage facilities should be equipped with the necessary.
5) the tower crane should be installed on the ground, and the distance between the tower and the foundation pit should be ensured when the underground works are constructed.
Installation and disassembly of 5 tower crane
5.1 preparation before installation and dismantling
The installation and demolition of tower crane is the central link of construction. It is very dangerous. Before construction, we must make full preparations: (1) technicians should do well in construction plan or construction organization design according to the installation instructions and the specific characteristics of construction, and have the contents of safety technology disclosure. The construction scheme must meet all construction personnel in the operation begins, not as a mere formality; the construction program to deal with the key and difficult parts of the installation method of calculation and discussion with the construction method of clear, choose the right equipment, rigging, lifting and binding method etc..
5.2 installation and dismantling operation
The process of flag workers must be unified, unified and commanded, and should be constructed according to the relevant operating procedures. Should pay attention to: the construction of crane leg should call on the solid ground, wood or wood pad necessary; the cable crane, crane, lifting side hanging position selection and auxiliary measures such as proper traction; the above 2m aerial work must have security protection, rain and wind is greater than the stop operation level five, construction midway in the rain must be installed in a safe state of tower crane boom will not turn up; the lifting operation, and dedicated protection; the installation must be in strict accordance with the construction plan required order, installation of the boom front should not add the weight, weight not lifting weight is not installed. Demolition should be removed first after the demolition of counterweight jib; inspect tower crane all parts are complete, reliable, effective, safe, the lifting rigging and so on.
Selection of 5.3 hanging points
The selection and dismantling method of the lifting point in the installation and dismantling of the tower is an important link to ensure the safety construction, and some problems should be paid attention to. (1) a fixed position or a special lifting point should be used as far as possible, and it can be designed by itself when necessary. The reasonable angle of tilt should be guaranteed when side hanging and skew hanging. A set of inside and outside the structural part of the inner sleeve structure on the hanging point should avoid, inside and outside the separation, such as the TQ60/80 tower crane tower. The lifting arm and a balance arm and other components after lifting should try to ensure that the level and direction of the installation method, boom length direction as far as possible the use of non horizontal lifting the long arm, arrange the hinged end arm above the head end, after the installation of the boom is hinged to the horizontal position, such as the FO/23B 50m tower crane jib etc.. The tower crane boom into two parts hinged together, wheninstallation hanging points should be chosen to make arm level, temporary connection rope smaller stress position. (4) disassembly is the reverse operation of installation, more dangerous, should be strictly according to the installation and dismantling instructions of the construction program in their respective order of operation, must not be reversed order. Try not to use hooks and rope to lift heavy objects.
Inspection and debugging of 6 tower crane
Inspection and debugging is the last process of tower crane installation and construction, and is also the last pass before the tower is used. Therefore, inspection and commissioning is also a very important job. It should be noted that, in the various machine parts inspection must be complete and meticulous, find and solve problems in a timely manner; should also do a good job in all parts of the maintenance work of the inspection and test; each working mechanism should be the normal operation of the tower crane, the safety protection device should be complete and effective; machine inspection and test should be recorded for the acceptance of tower crane.
5.1 preparation before installation and dismantling
The installation and demolition of tower crane is the central link of construction. It is very dangerous. Before construction, we must make full preparations: (1) technicians should do well in construction plan or construction organization design according to the installation instructions and the specific characteristics of construction, and have the contents of safety technology disclosure. The construction scheme must meet all construction personnel in the operation begins, not as a mere formality; the construction program to deal with the key and difficult parts of the installation method of calculation and discussion with the construction method of clear, choose the right equipment, rigging, lifting and binding method etc..
5.2 installation and dismantling operation
The process of flag workers must be unified, unified and commanded, and should be constructed according to the relevant operating procedures. Should pay attention to: the construction of crane leg should call on the solid ground, wood or wood pad necessary; the cable crane, crane, lifting side hanging position selection and auxiliary measures such as proper traction; the above 2m aerial work must have security protection, rain and wind is greater than the stop operation level five, construction midway in the rain must be installed in a safe state of tower crane boom will not turn up; the lifting operation, and dedicated protection; the installation must be in strict accordance with the construction plan required order, installation of the boom front should not add the weight, weight not lifting weight is not installed. Demolition should be removed first after the demolition of counterweight jib; inspect tower crane all parts are complete, reliable, effective, safe, the lifting rigging and so on.
Selection of 5.3 hanging points
The selection and dismantling method of the lifting point in the installation and dismantling of the tower is an important link to ensure the safety construction, and some problems should be paid attention to. (1) a fixed position or a special lifting point should be used as far as possible, and it can be designed by itself when necessary. The reasonable angle of tilt should be guaranteed when side hanging and skew hanging. A set of inside and outside the structural part of the inner sleeve structure on the hanging point should avoid, inside and outside the separation, such as the TQ60/80 tower crane tower. The lifting arm and a balance arm and other components after lifting should try to ensure that the level and direction of the installation method, boom length direction as far as possible the use of non horizontal lifting the long arm, arrange the hinged end arm above the head end, after the installation of the boom is hinged to the horizontal position, such as the FO/23B 50m tower crane jib etc.. The tower crane boom into two parts hinged together, wheninstallation hanging points should be chosen to make arm level, temporary connection rope smaller stress position. (4) disassembly is the reverse operation of installation, more dangerous, should be strictly according to the installation and dismantling instructions of the construction program in their respective order of operation, must not be reversed order. Try not to use hooks and rope to lift heavy objects.
Inspection and debugging of 6 tower crane
Inspection and debugging is the last process of tower crane installation and construction, and is also the last pass before the tower is used. Therefore, inspection and commissioning is also a very important job. It should be noted that, in the various machine parts inspection must be complete and meticulous, find and solve problems in a timely manner; should also do a good job in all parts of the maintenance work of the inspection and test; each working mechanism should be the normal operation of the tower crane, the safety protection device should be complete and effective; machine inspection and test should be recorded for the acceptance of tower crane.
7 the establishment of management system
The installation and disassembly of tower crane is a systematic and strong management and construction project. Based on years of experience and lessons, our company has formulated a set of relatively complete system of speed management measures, which is fully guaranteed in terms of organization and system. Make detailed provisions on various aspects of construction management, such as the provisions of the tower crane foundation inspection and technical files, installation and disassembly task, installation safety technical disclosure, disassembly track acceptance record, dismantling construction records, dismantling inspection records, parts inventory records, the safety technical disclosure, practice has proved effective.
The installation and disassembly of tower crane is a systematic and strong management and construction project. Based on years of experience and lessons, our company has formulated a set of relatively complete system of speed management measures, which is fully guaranteed in terms of organization and system. Make detailed provisions on various aspects of construction management, such as the provisions of the tower crane foundation inspection and technical files, installation and disassembly task, installation safety technical disclosure, disassembly track acceptance record, dismantling construction records, dismantling inspection records, parts inventory records, the safety technical disclosure, practice has proved effective.